Punjabi Pronouns and Levels of Respect: ਤੂੰ, ਤੁਸੀਂ and ਆਪ
The Punjabi personal pronouns, when to use the informal ਤੂੰ and the respectful ਤੁਸੀਂ, and the very polite ਆਪ.
Punjabi pronouns show respect and closeness. Choosing the right "you" is part of speaking politely.
The pronouns
| English | Punjabi | Roman |
|---|---|---|
| I | ਮੈਂ | maiṁ |
| you (informal) | ਤੂੰ | tūṁ |
| you (respectful, plural) | ਤੁਸੀਂ | tusīṁ |
| you (very respectful) | ਆਪ | āp |
| he / she / that | ਉਹ | uh |
| this | ਇਹ | ih |
| we | ਅਸੀਂ | asīṁ |
| they | ਉਹ | uh |
Levels of "you"
- ਤੂੰ is informal: close friends, family and children.
- ਤੁਸੀਂ is respectful and also plural. Use it with strangers, elders and in formal settings.
- ਆਪ is highly respectful, used in formal speech and writing.
When unsure, use ਤੁਸੀਂ.
Verb agreement
Verbs change with the pronoun and with gender:
| Pronoun | ਕਰਨਾ (to do), present |
|---|---|
| ਮੈਂ | ਕਰਦਾ ਹਾਂ (m.) / ਕਰਦੀ ਹਾਂ (f.) |
| ਤੂੰ | ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈਂ / ਕਰਦੀ ਹੈਂ |
| ਤੁਸੀਂ | ਕਰਦੇ ਹੋ / ਕਰਦੀਆਂ ਹੋ |
| ਉਹ | ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ / ਕਰਦੀ ਹੈ |
| ਅਸੀਂ | ਕਰਦੇ ਹਾਂ / ਕਰਦੀਆਂ ਹਾਂ |
Adding ਜੀ
ਜੀ (jī) is a respect marker added to names, titles and replies:
- ਹਾਂ ਜੀ। — Yes (respectfully).
- ਨਹੀਂ ਜੀ। — No (respectfully).
- ਭਾਜੀ — a respectful way to address an older brother or man.
Examples
- ਮੈਂ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਹਾਂ। — I am a student.
- ਤੁਸੀਂ ਕਿੱਥੇ ਰਹਿੰਦੇ ਹੋ? — Where do you live?
- ਉਹ ਡਾਕਟਰ ਹੈ। — He/she is a doctor.
- ਅਸੀਂ ਘਰ ਜਾ ਰਹੇ ਹਾਂ। — We are going home.
Tips
- Use ਤੁਸੀਂ with people you don't know well.
- Add ਜੀ for warmth and respect.
- Use the dictionary to check forms.
English Punjabi Dictionary
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