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Case Endings in Telugu: Vibhakti

How Telugu adds endings to nouns to show their role, with the main cases and examples.

Telugu is an agglutinative language. It adds endings to nouns, called విభక్తులు (vibhaktulu), instead of using separate small words.

The main endings

Role Ending Example
Object -ని / -ను పుస్తకాన్ని (pustakaanni), the book
To, for -కి / -కు ఇంటికి (intiki), to the house
In, at -లో ఇంట్లో (intlo), in the house
With -తో స్నేహితుడితో (snehithuditho), with a friend
From -నుండి ఇంటి నుండి (inti nundi), from the house
Of -యొక్క or a changed form రాముని or రాము యొక్క, Ramu's

Examples in sentences

  • నేను పుస్తకాన్ని చదువుతున్నాను. I am reading the book.
  • నేను ఇంటికి వెళ్తున్నాను. I am going home.
  • అతను ఇంట్లో ఉన్నాడు. He is at home.
  • నేను స్నేహితుడితో మాట్లాడాను. I spoke with a friend.

Sound changes

The noun often changes slightly before an ending. For example, ఇల్లు (house) becomes ఇంటి- before an ending, as in ఇంటికి, ఇంట్లో and ఇంటి నుండి.

Many endings, one word

Telugu can stack several endings in one word. This is why some words look long.

Reading tip

Once you spot an ending, you can guess the word's role. See -కి and think "to", see -లో and think "in".

Why it matters

Understanding endings helps you find the base word in a dictionary. For example, to look up ఇంటికి, search for ఇల్లు.

Tips

  1. Learn -ని, -కి and -లో first.
  2. Notice stem changes.
  3. Use the dictionary to find the base form.

Look up any Telugu word with English Telugu Dictionary →

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