Case Endings in Telugu: Vibhakti
How Telugu adds endings to nouns to show their role, with the main cases and examples.
Telugu is an agglutinative language. It adds endings to nouns, called విభక్తులు (vibhaktulu), instead of using separate small words.
The main endings
| Role | Ending | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Object | -ని / -ను | పుస్తకాన్ని (pustakaanni), the book |
| To, for | -కి / -కు | ఇంటికి (intiki), to the house |
| In, at | -లో | ఇంట్లో (intlo), in the house |
| With | -తో | స్నేహితుడితో (snehithuditho), with a friend |
| From | -నుండి | ఇంటి నుండి (inti nundi), from the house |
| Of | -యొక్క or a changed form | రాముని or రాము యొక్క, Ramu's |
Examples in sentences
- నేను పుస్తకాన్ని చదువుతున్నాను. I am reading the book.
- నేను ఇంటికి వెళ్తున్నాను. I am going home.
- అతను ఇంట్లో ఉన్నాడు. He is at home.
- నేను స్నేహితుడితో మాట్లాడాను. I spoke with a friend.
Sound changes
The noun often changes slightly before an ending. For example, ఇల్లు (house) becomes ఇంటి- before an ending, as in ఇంటికి, ఇంట్లో and ఇంటి నుండి.
Many endings, one word
Telugu can stack several endings in one word. This is why some words look long.
Reading tip
Once you spot an ending, you can guess the word's role. See -కి and think "to", see -లో and think "in".
Why it matters
Understanding endings helps you find the base word in a dictionary. For example, to look up ఇంటికి, search for ఇల్లు.
Tips
- Learn -ని, -కి and -లో first.
- Notice stem changes.
- Use the dictionary to find the base form.
English Telugu Dictionary
Offline English–Telugu dictionary with meanings in proper Telugu script
More about English Telugu Dictionary
Forming Plurals in Telugu
How Telugu makes nouns plural with the ending -లు, and the common spelling changes that come with it.
Read article →Gender in Telugu: Masculine and Non-Masculine
How Telugu divides nouns and pronouns, and how this affects verb endings.
Read article →Months and the Telugu Calendar
The twelve months of the traditional Telugu calendar and the new year festival of Ugadi.
Read article →Telling the Time in Telugu
How to ask and say the time in Telugu, with parts of the day and useful time words.
Read article →