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Kannada Pronouns and Verb Endings for He, She and They

The Kannada personal pronouns, how the verb ending changes with the subject, and the difference between ನೀನು and ನೀವು.

Kannada verbs change their ending to match the subject, including gender. That means once you know the endings, you can often drop the pronoun.

The pronouns

English Kannada Roman
I ನಾನು nānu
you (informal) ನೀನು nīnu
you (respectful, plural) ನೀವು nīvu
he ಅವನು avanu
she ಅವಳು avaḷu
it ಅದು adu
this ಇದು idu
we ನಾವು nāvu
they (people, respectful) ಅವರು avaru

Verb endings (present/future)

Using ಮಾಡು (to do):

Subject Verb form
ನಾನು ಮಾಡುತ್ತೇನೆ
ನೀನು ಮಾಡುತ್ತೀಯ
ನೀವು ಮಾಡುತ್ತೀರಿ
ಅವನು ಮಾಡುತ್ತಾನೆ
ಅವಳು ಮಾಡುತ್ತಾಳೆ
ನಾವು ಮಾಡುತ್ತೇವೆ
ಅವರು ಮಾಡುತ್ತಾರೆ
ಅದು ಮಾಡುತ್ತದೆ

Notice that the ending shows both person and gender for the third person: -ತ್ತಾನೆ (he) and -ತ್ತಾಳೆ (she).

Using them

  • ನಾನು ಹೋಗುತ್ತೇನೆ. — I go / I will go.
  • ಅವನು ಬರುತ್ತಾನೆ. — He comes / will come.
  • ಅವಳು ಓದುತ್ತಾಳೆ. — She reads.
  • ನೀವು ಎಲ್ಲಿಗೆ ಹೋಗುತ್ತೀರಿ? — Where are you going?

ನೀನು or ನೀವು?

  • ನೀನು is informal: used with close friends, children and younger people.
  • ನೀವು is respectful, and also the plural "you". Use it with strangers, elders and in professional settings.

When unsure, use ನೀವು.

Respectful third person

ಅವರು is both "they" and a respectful "he" or "she" for an elder or someone you respect:

  • ಅವರು ಶಿಕ್ಷಕರು. — He/she is a teacher. (respectful)
  • ಅವರು ಬರುತ್ತಾರೆ. — He/she (respected person) is coming.

Dropping the pronoun

Because the verb shows the person, Kannada speakers often skip the pronoun:

  • ಹೋಗುತ್ತೇನೆ. — (I) will go.
  • ಬರುತ್ತೀರಾ? — Will (you) come?

Tips

  1. Learn the verb endings with one verb.
  2. Use ನೀವು by default.
  3. Use the dictionary to check verb forms.

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